Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) yog ib hom khoom siv sib xyaw tshiab uas tuaj yeem nchuav thiab txau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau fiber luv luv rau hauv cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj. Nws tau tsim kho sai sai hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws kov yeej qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zog tensile qis, me me elongation thiab brittle khoom ntawm cov pob zeb. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo heev xws li lub zog tensile, kev tiv thaiv khoov, kev tiv thaiv shear, kev tiv thaiv tawg, kev tiv thaiv qaug zog thiab kev tawv siab. Nws tau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho hydraulic, txoj kev thiab choj, kev tsim kho thiab lwm yam kev tsim kho.
1. Kev tsim cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete
Cov pob zeb fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) yog lub npe luv ntawm cov pob zeb fiber reinforced concrete. Feem ntau nws yog cov cement-based composite uas muaj cov cement paste, mortar lossis concrete thiab cov hlau fiber, inorganic fiber lossis organic fiber reinforced materials. Nws yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev tshiab uas tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov fiber luv thiab cov fiber zoo nrog lub zog tensile siab, elongation siab thiab alkali tiv taus siab hauv cov pob zeb matrix. Cov fiber hauv cov pob zeb tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub muaj cov kab nrib pleb thaum ntxov hauv cov pob zeb thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kab nrib pleb raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog sab nraud, kov yeej cov qhov tsis zoo xws li lub zog tensile qis, yooj yim tawg thiab tsis kam qaug zog ntawm cov pob zeb, thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsis nkag, tsis muaj dej, tiv taus te thiab kev tiv thaiv kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov pob zeb fiber reinforced concrete, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete, tau nyiam ntau dua thiab ntau dua hauv kev kawm thiab kev tsim kho hauv kev tsim kho vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. 1907 Tus kws tshaj lij Soviet B П. Hekpocab pib siv cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete; Xyoo 1910, HF Porter tau tshaj tawm daim ntawv tshawb fawb txog cov pob zeb fiber luv reinforced concrete, qhia tias cov hlau fiber luv yuav tsum tau sib xyaw cov pob zeb kom muaj zog cov khoom matrix; Xyoo 1911, Graham ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau ntxiv cov hlau fiber rau hauv cov pob zeb ib txwm kom txhim kho lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov pob zeb; Los ntawm xyoo 1940, Tebchaws Meskas, Askiv, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Nyiv thiab lwm lub tebchaws tau ua ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv cov hlau fiber los txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam thiab tawg tsis kam ntawm cov pob zeb, kev tsim khoom siv ntawm cov hlau fiber pob zeb, thiab txhim kho cov duab ntawm cov hlau fiber los txhim kho lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov fiber thiab cov pob zeb matrix; Xyoo 1963, JP romualdi thiab GB Batson tau luam tawm ib daim ntawv txog kev txhim kho tawg ntawm cov hlau fiber txwv pob zeb, thiab muab tso rau pem hauv ntej qhov xaus lus tias lub zog tawg ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced pob zeb yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau fiber uas ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev ntxhov siab tensile (fiber spacing theory), yog li pib theem kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw tshiab no. Txog rau tam sim no, nrog rau kev nrov npe thiab kev siv cov hlau fiber reinforced pob zeb, vim muaj kev faib tawm sib txawv ntawm cov fibers hauv cov pob zeb, muaj plaub hom: hlau fiber reinforced pob zeb, hybrid fiber reinforced pob zeb, layered steel fiber reinforced pob zeb thiab layered hybrid fiber reinforced pob zeb.
2. Lub zog ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete
(1) Txoj kev xav txog kev sib xyaw ua ke. Txoj kev xav txog kev sib xyaw ua ke yog raws li txoj kev xav txog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov fiber sib xyaw ua ke thiab ua ke nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov hlau fiber hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Hauv txoj kev xav no, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raug suav hais tias yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ob theem nrog cov fiber ua ib theem thiab matrix ua lwm theem.
(2) Txoj kev xav ntawm qhov sib nrug ntawm cov fiber. Txoj kev xav ntawm qhov sib nrug ntawm cov fiber, tseem hu ua txoj kev xav tiv thaiv kev tawg, yog raws li kev kho tshuab tawg ntawm cov kab sib txuas. Txoj kev xav no tuav tau tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov fiber tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib nrug ntawm cov fiber sib nrug sib npaug (qhov sib nrug tsawg kawg nkaus).
3. Kev tshuaj xyuas txog qhov xwm txheej kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete
1. Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov hlau fiber. Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov hlau fiber yog ib hom pob zeb ua los ntawm cov hlau fiber uas sib npaug zos thiab muaj ntau txoj kev sib txuas ua ke los ntawm kev ntxiv me ntsis cov hlau carbon tsawg, cov hlau tsis xeb thiab cov FRP fiber rau hauv cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj. Feem ntau, cov hlau fiber sib xyaw ua ke yog 1% ~ 2% ntawm qhov ntim, thaum 70 ~ 100kg hlau fiber sib xyaw rau hauv txhua lub cubic meter ntawm cov pob zeb raws li qhov hnyav. Qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau fiber yuav tsum yog 25 ~ 60mm, txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum yog 0.25 ~ 1.25mm, thiab qhov sib piv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov ntev rau txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum yog 50 ~ 700. Piv nrog cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj, nws tsis tsuas yog txhim kho qhov kev tiv thaiv tensile, shear, bending, hnav thiab tawg, tab sis kuj txhim kho qhov tawv thiab kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pob zeb, thiab txhim kho qhov kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tawv tuaj yeem nce ntxiv 10 ~ 20 npaug. Cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov hlau fiber thiab cov pob zeb ib txwm muaj tau muab piv rau hauv Suav teb. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau fiber yog 15% ~ 20% thiab cov dej cement piv yog 0.45, lub zog tensile nce ntxiv 50% ~ 70%, lub zog flexural nce ntxiv 120% ~ 180%, lub zog cuam tshuam nce ntxiv 10 ~ 20 npaug, lub zog qaug zog cuam tshuam nce ntxiv 15 ~ 20 npaug, lub zog flexural nce ntxiv 14 ~ 20 npaug, thiab kev tiv thaiv hnav kuj tau txhim kho zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete muaj cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo dua li cov pob zeb yooj yim.
4. Cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb cuam tshuam qhia tau hais tias cov hlau fiber tsis txhawb nqa lub zog compressive ntawm cov pob zeb, lossis txawm tias txo nws; Piv nrog cov pob zeb yooj yim, muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo (nce thiab txo) lossis txawm tias qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsis nkag, hnav tsis kam, cuam tshuam thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete thiab kev tiv thaiv kev shrinkage thaum ntxov ntawm cov yas pob zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete muaj qee qhov teeb meem, xws li ntau npaum li cas, tus nqi siab, xeb thiab yuav luag tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv rau kev tawg los ntawm hluav taws, uas tau cuam tshuam nws daim ntawv thov rau ntau qib. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qee tus kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau pib them sai sai rau cov pob zeb hybrid fiber (HFRC), sim sib xyaw cov fibers nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab qhov zoo, kawm ntawm ib leeg, thiab muab kev ua si rau "qhov cuam tshuam zoo hybrid" ntawm ntau qib thiab theem thauj khoom los txhim kho ntau yam khoom ntawm cov pob zeb, kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov haujlwm sib txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, hais txog nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntau yam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws qhov kev hloov pauv qaug zog thiab kev puas tsuaj qaug zog, txoj cai kev txhim kho deformation thiab cov yam ntxwv puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom thauj zoo li qub thiab dynamic thiab qhov loj tas li lossis qhov loj hloov pauv cyclic loads, qhov sib xyaw zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov fiber, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, kev ua kom muaj zog thiab lub zog ua kom muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev qaug zog, lub tshuab ua tsis tiav thiab kev siv tshuab tsim kho, Cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim qauv sib xyaw yuav tsum tau kawm ntxiv.
5. Cov hlau fiber ntau reinforced concrete
Cov pob zeb ua los ntawm cov fiber ntau tsis yooj yim sib tov sib npaug, cov fiber yooj yim sib sau ua ke, cov fiber ntau, thiab tus nqi kim heev, uas cuam tshuam rau nws daim ntawv thov dav. Los ntawm ntau yam kev xyaum ua engineering thiab kev tshawb fawb theoretical, ib hom tshiab ntawm cov qauv fiber ntau, txheej steel fiber reinforced concrete (LSFRC), tau raug pom zoo. Ib qho me me ntawm cov fiber ntau tau faib sib npaug ntawm cov nto sab saud thiab sab qis ntawm txoj kev slab, thiab nruab nrab tseem yog ib txheej pob zeb yooj yim. Cov fiber ntau hauv LSFRC feem ntau faib los ntawm tes lossis mechanically. Cov fiber ntau ntev, thiab qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab uas hla feem ntau yog ntawm 70 ~ 120, qhia txog kev faib tawm ob-seem. Tsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov khoom siv no tsis tsuas yog txo cov fiber ntau ntawm cov fiber ntau xwb, tab sis kuj zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov fiber sib sau ua ke hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov fiber ntau reinforced concrete. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej steel fiber hauv cov pob zeb muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lub zog flexural ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov nyhuv txhawb nqa ntawm cov txheej steel fiber ntawm hauv qab ntawm cov pob zeb yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nrog rau qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej steel fiber txav mus rau saum toj, cov nyhuv txhawb nqa txo qis. Lub zog flexural ntawm LSFRC yog ntau dua 35% siab dua li ntawm cov pob zeb tiaj tus nrog tib qhov sib xyaw ua ke, uas qis dua me ntsis dua li ntawm cov hlau fiber reinforced concrete. Txawm li cas los xij, LSFRC tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau tus nqi khoom siv, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm kev sib xyaw nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, LSFRC yog cov khoom siv tshiab nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam thiab kev siv dav dav, uas tsim nyog rau kev nrov npe thiab kev siv hauv kev tsim kho txoj kev.
6. Cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke
Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke fiber ntau reinforced concrete (LHFRC) yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv 0.1% polypropylene fiber raws li LSFRC thiab faib cov fibers polypropylene luv thiab zoo nrog lub zog tensile siab thiab siab elongation hauv cov hlau fiber ntau sab saud thiab qis thiab cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab. Nws tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm LSFRC nruab nrab cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab thiab tiv thaiv kev phom sij kev nyab xeeb tom qab cov hlau fiber nto raug hnav tawm. LHFRC tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog flexural ntawm cov pob zeb. Piv nrog cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab, nws lub zog flexural ntawm cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab yog nce li ntawm 20%, thiab piv nrog LSFRC, nws lub zog flexural yog nce 2.6%, tab sis nws tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau flexural elastic modulus ntawm cov pob zeb. Lub flexural elastic modulus ntawm LHFRC yog 1.3% siab dua li ntawm cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab thiab 0.3% qis dua li ntawm LSFRC. LHFRC kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog flexural ntawm cov pob zeb, thiab nws cov ntsuas flexural toughness yog li ntawm 8 npaug ntawm cov pob zeb hauv nruab nrab thiab 1.3 npaug ntawm LSFRC. Ntxiv mus, vim muaj kev ua tau zoo sib txawv ntawm ob lossis ntau cov fibers hauv LHFRC hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, raws li qhov xav tau engineering, qhov zoo hybrid ntawm cov fiber hluavtaws thiab cov hlau fiber hauv cov pob zeb ua vaj tse tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho qhov ductility, durability, toughness, crack strength, flexural strength thiab tensile strength ntawm cov khoom siv, txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab ntev lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov khoom siv.
—— Abstract (Shanxi architecture, Vol. 38, No. 11, Chen Huiqing)
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-24-2022